Batch grinding kinetics of Ethenzamide particles by fluidized-bed jet-milling.

Variation in particle shape of active pharmaceutical ingredients prepared by fluidized-bed jet-milling.

In pharmaceutical industries, most active pharmaceutical ingredients are poorly water soluble, and therefore milling processes are important to obtain fine particles that can be easily dissolved in the body. However, the main purpose of milling is micronization of particles. From the viewpoint of fine particle preparation in the formulation process, milling has not been investigated sufficientl...

Hydrodynamic Behavior of Particles in a Jet Flow of a Gas Fluidized Bed

Numerous investigations have been devoted towards understanding the hydrodynamics of gas jets in fluidized beds. However, most of them address the problem from  macroscopic point of view, which does not reveal the true behavior in the jet region at the single particle level. The present work aims to understand the jet behavior from a more fundamental level, i.e. the individual particle leve...

Effect of Process Variables on Growth Kinetics of Lactose Particles in a Wet Spray Fluidized Bed Granulator

Continuous Fluidized Bed Drying With and Without Internals: Kinetic Model

Spirals as internals are utilized to reduce the axial mixing of solids in fluidized beds, by routing the solids flow in a predetermined route or by localizing the solids mixing. The drying kinetics of continuous fluidized bed with and without internals has been compared and modeled using batch drying kinetics and residence time distribution analysis. The batch drying experiments were conducted ...

Improving Three Phase Modeling of Fluidized Bed Dryer

Heat transfer phenomena in batch fluidized bed dryer have been studied and analyzed using three phase model including solid phase, interstitial gas phase and bubble phase based on Rizzi model. New correlations of heat transfer coefficient to surrounding and convection heat transfer coefficient between solid and interstitial gas are being proposed. In addition, some modifications have been d...